Credit Scores Free

Have you ever wonder why your online application for credit can be approved in 60 seconds? Or get pre-qualified auto loan for a car without asking you how much is your income? Or why your interest rates on loans are different from the interest rates of your friends or neighbors?

Your credit scoring is the factor that affect all the above. It is your responsibility to main a good credit score. You will need to use it to get you a best available rate when come to apply for credit.

What is Credit Score?

Most of time credit score is refer as FICO score (Fair Isaac Corporation), it is a number based on the information in your credit file that shows how likely you are to pay a loan back on time, the higher your score, the less risky you are. You credit score is derived from three major credit bureaus: Exprian, Equifax and TransUnion. These 3 major credit bureaus will compile your credit report based on the information provided by the companies that gave your credit in the past. Based on the information such as your payment history, the length of your credit history and the type of credit your have and the amounts owed, the credit bureaus will generate your credit report. And based on your credit report, a number or scores will be assigned to you; this number will be range from 300 to 850. This magic number is your credit score, the higher the number the better you are.

When Your Credit Score Count?

Your credit score will play an important part when comes to applying loans or other credits, it may save you a significant of interest if you are have good credit score. When you apply for mortgage, car loan, business loan or credit card, the lender or credit company will assess how risky you are as a potential borrower, the higher your score, the less risk you pose to the lender and the more likely you will get a better interest rate for application.

You will be offered at a relatively low rate if your credit score is above 700 and if your credit score is above 760, you will get the best available rates because you are the lowest risk borrower at this high of credit score. You loan will be approved with high loan rates if your credit score is below 600, and if your credit score is really bad, you may be not be able to borrow at all.

Maintain High Credit Score

Now you know how important your credit score is and when it becomes important and you can use it as a tool to save cash. Hence, it is important for you to maintain your credit score at high level. Things that you can do to increase your credit score include:

Pay your bills on time
Keep balances low on credit cards
Dont open a number of new credit cards that you dont need
Have credit cards – but manage them responsibly

In Summary

Credit score is not just a number, it is a tool that you can control and use to save cash. It will become important whenever you need credits and it is an important factor to be considered by any financial organization before they approve your credit application. Hence, keep your credit score all time high.

It is hard to watch television these days without hearing about credit scores. If you are not looking to get a loan or credit card, you may be wandering whether or not they are important. Your credit score is important, regardless of whether or not you plan on applying for a credit card or loan. In this article I will explain what a credit score is and why it is important.

What Is A Credit Score?

Your credit score will determine whether or not you’ll be approved for a mortgage loan, and how high your interest rate will be. Your credit score will also determine the cost of your car insurance. Even certain jobs, which you apply for, will require you to have good credit. Having a low score will make things much more expensive, and you may find that some companies won’t hire you. The easiest way to get a good score is to make sure you’re responsible with making your payments on time. It is also important to understand what is used to calculate the score.

Calculating Your Total

The type of different loans you have makes up about 10% of the score. If you don’t have an established credit history, the number of different accounts you have will be considered. Your payment history makes up 35% of your credit score. The number of different accounts you make payments on is considered, as well as number of late or missed payments you have. Any liens, bankruptcies, or judgments will be reviewed, and this information will be used to factor in your score. Services such as furniture rentals and car loans are included as well as credit cards.

The total amount owed makes up about 30% of your credit score. The number of accounts you have and the amounts you owe on all of them are reviewed. The closer you are to maximizing out your loans, the more likely it is that your credit score will be lower. How much you have paid back on your loans is also taken into consideration. The age of your credit history makes up about 15% of your credit score. If you have a long credit history your score will be higher if you don’t have any negative marks in the past. The last factor that makes up your credit score is called new credit.

New Agreements

New credit refers to the number of new loans you have opened recently, and makes up about 10% of your credit score. The number of request you’ve made for credit cards or loans is also computed. Now that you know all of the things that are used to calculate your score, what can you do to improve it?

What You Can Do To Improve

One of the things you can do is make sure all of your bills are paid on time. If you are too busy to make sure your bills are paid on time, set up automatic payments so that the money is debited from your account on the day it is due. You also want to make sure you don’t open too many accounts within a short period of time. It is also important to keep your balance low in proportion to the total amount of credit available on the loan. You should owe 25% less than the total available credit on your loan or credit card.

It is also better to pay off your credit card instead of moving over the balance to a card that has a lower interest rate. Constantly moving around your balances can cause your score to become lower, because the total amount you owe could fluctuate if you close certain accounts.

Whenever you approach a commercial lender for loan, he performs a credit check on you. The loan you have applied for can be home loan, business loan or loan for your dream vacation trip. It is your credit score that will decide whether your application will be accepted or not, if accepted what amount of interest you will be charged. Your credit score will also be checked even when you apply for an insurance cover or you want to rent a house and even when you apply for a job.

What is a credit score? A credit score is a number that signifies your credit information. This score is used by all financial institutions or individual lenders to assess the risk involved in giving you credit.

The credit score is calculated on the base of the following.

Address.
Salary.
Credit Dept.
Bankruptcies.

Using the above factors an algorithm is decided and using this algorithm a credit score is generated. People with low credit scores are referred as high risk borrowers and people with high credit scores are referred as low risk borrowers. Banks and other lender set different interest rates for high and low risk borrowers.

In general, a good credit score is somewhere in the range of 700-850, while an average score would be around 550-700 and anything below 500 is considered as a poor credit score. Remember, it becomes difficult to borrow loan if you have a low credit score and if you do manage to get loan, the interest rate charged will be quite high. So improve your credit score.

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A credit score is primarily based on credit report information, typically from one of the three major credit bureaus, Experian, TransUnion and Equifax. Since lenders or banks lend only against your creditworthiness, it does makes sense for you to know what factors determine your credit score.

What Is A Credit Score?
Based on the snapshots of your credit report, credit score is the number arrived to summarize your credit risk. It ranges from 300 to 850 and helps a lender to determine the risk level. Or we can put it like this, if I give this person a loan, how likely is it that I will get paid on time?

There are different methods of calculating credit scores. FICO is one of the most popular credit scores developed by Fair Isaac & Co. The higher is the FICO score the lower is the risk for lender.

What Affects Credit Score?
Your credit reports contains many pieces of information that reveals certain important aspects of your borrowing activities mainly focusing on:

Late payments
The amount of time credit has been established
The amount of credit used versus the amount of credit available
Length of time at present residence
Negative credit information such as bankruptcies, charge-offs, collections, etc.

Bad Credit Small Business Loans
Seeking loans with low or bad credit score can drive you up the wall. The mainline lenders may simply reject your loan application while the others from subprime market may charge you extortionate rate of interest on your bad credit small business loan.

In case you are an entrepreneur and need new business loan for growth or expansion, bad credit can put you in pickles. In such a scenario, its better to go for cash advance option that is provided irrespective of you credit history. Such cash advance is given against your future credit and debit card sales.

What Is Cash Advance Option?
Cash advance is a small business loan approved against the monthly amount you process through credit card sales. Cash advance lenders do not ask you for your credit rating and can pre-approve your loan within 24 hours. A mutually agreed upon percentage from your daily sales through credit card processing goes to the lender automatically as repayment of the loan.

How To Increase Your Credit Score?
Your credit score cannot be improved in short run but a few steps can help you improving your credit rating over a period of time. Here are a few tips:

Pay your bills on time. Late payments and collections can have a serious impact on your score.
Do not apply for credit frequently. Having a large number of inquiries on your credit report can worsen your score.
Reduce your credit-card balances. If you are “maxed” out on your credit cards, this will affect your credit score negatively.
If you have limited credit, obtain additional credit. Not having sufficient credit can negatively impact your score.

Nevertheless, scoring models usually consider the following types of information in your credit report to help compute your credit score:

Have you paid your bills on time? You can count on payment history to be a significant factor. If your credit report indicates that you have paid bills late, had an account referred to collections, or declared bankruptcy, it is likely to affect your score negatively.

Are you maxed out? Many scoring systems evaluate the amount of debt you have compared to your credit limits. If the amount you owe is close to your credit limit, its likely to have a negative effect on your score.

How long have you had credit? Generally, scoring systems consider the length of your credit track record. An insufficient credit history may affect your score negatively, but factors like timely payments and low balances can offset that.

Have you applied for new credit lately? Many scoring systems consider whether you have applied for credit recently by looking at inquiries on your credit report. If you have applied for too many new accounts recently, it could have a negative effect on your score. Every inquiry isnt counted: for example, inquiries by creditors who are monitoring your account or looking at credit reports to make prescreened credit offers are not considered liabilities.

How many credit accounts do you have and what kinds of accounts are they? Although it is generally considered a plus to have established credit accounts, too many credit card accounts may have a negative effect on your score. In addition, many scoring systems consider the type of credit accounts you have. For example, under some scoring models, loans from finance companies may have a negative effect on your credit score.
Scoring models may be based on more than the information in your credit report. When you are applying for a mortgage loan, for example, the system may consider the amount of your down payment, your total debt, and your income, among other things.

Improving your score significantly is likely to take some time, but it can be done. To improve your credit score under most systems, focus on paying your bills in a timely way, paying down any outstanding balances, and staying away from new debt.

Are credit scoring systems reliable?

Credit scoring systems enable creditors or insurance companies to evaluate
millions of applicants consistently on many different characteristics. To be statistically valid, these systems must be based on a big enough sample. They generally vary among businesses that use them.

Properly designed, credit scoring systems generally enable faster, more accurate, and more impartial decisions than individual people can make. And some creditors design their systems so that some applicants those with scores not high enough to pass easily or low enough to fail absolutely are referred to a credit manager who decides whether the company or lender will extend credit. Referrals can result in discussion and negotiation between the credit manager and the would-be borrower.

What if I am denied credit or insurance, or dont get the terms I want?
If you are denied credit, the ECOA requires that the creditor give you a notice with the specific reasons your application was rejected or the news that you have the right to learn the reasons if you ask within 60 days. Ask the creditor to be specific: Indefinite and vague reasons for denial are illegal. Acceptable reasons might be your income was low or you havent been employed long enough. Unacceptable reasons include you didnt meet our minimum standards or you didnt receive enough points on our credit scoring system.

Sometimes you can be denied credit or insurance or initially be charged a higher premium because of information in your credit report. In that case, the FCRA requires the creditor or insurance company to give you the name, address, and phone number of the consumer reporting company that supplied the information. Contact the company to find out what your report said. This information is free if you ask for it within 60 days of being turned down for credit or insurance. The consumer reporting company can tell you whats in your report; only the creditor or insurance company can tell you why your application was denied.

If a creditor or insurance company says you were denied credit or insurance because you are too near your credit limits on your credit cards, you may want to reapply after paying down your balances. Because credit scores are based on credit report information, a score often changes when the information in the credit report changes.

If youve been denied credit or insurance or didnt get the rate or terms you want, ask questions:

Ask the creditor or insurance company if a credit scoring system was used. If it was, ask what characteristics or factors were used in the system, and how you can improve your application.

If you get the credit or insurance, ask the creditor or insurance company whether you are getting the best rate and terms available. If youre not, ask why.

If you are denied credit or not offered the best rate available because of inaccuracies in your credit report, be sure to dispute the inaccurate information with the consumer reporting company.

A credit inquiry essentially is an item that appears on your credit report to show that a business has requested a copy of your report. For the business to make a request for your credit report, there must be a permissible purpose. Various businesses have a permissible purpose for checking your credit report. Potential employers can check to make your credit report you are applying for a position that handles a significant amount of money. Landlords check your credit report to determine if they should extend you a rental. Insurance companies use credit as a factor in determining your risk as a driver. Even utility companies say that you are being extended a month of service and this qualifies as credit.

Anytime you make an application that includes your social security number there is a risk that a credit inquiry will be performed. So what do these inquiries mean for your credit? There are some kinds of inquiries that count toward your credit score and there are some that dont.

The only inquiries that count toward your credit score are those in which you apply for new credit. This includes application for an auto loan, credit card, or mortgage. When you make these kinds of applications, you give the lender the authorization to receive a copy of your credit report.

There are also inquiries that do not count against your credit score. These kinds of inquiries include requests that you make for your own credit report, checks made by businesses that offer goods or services, or inquiries made by a business that you already have credit with. If a potential employer makes an inquiry this does not count toward your credit score.

Many people are confused into thinking that all inquiries that are included in their credit reports count toward their score. This is not true. Only the kinds of inquiries listed above count toward your credit score, even though they are listed on your credit report.

The credit score is calculated using several pieces of information from your credit report. This includes the number of delinquent accounts, the amount owed on these accounts, the length of credit history, the amount of new credit applications, and the types of credit that you are using. Credit inquiries fall under the new credit applications category and only accounts for 10% of the total credit score. This is only a small percentage of the total score. Credit inquiries, when they affect your credit score, can only hurt you a few points.

Inquiries will hurt your credit score in different ways depending on your credit situation, if they even hurt at all. There are some factors that can cause inquiries to hurt your credit score worse than others. For example, if you only have a small number of accounts, a short credit history, or delinquent information on your credit report even just one inquiry can cause your credit score to fall a few points. On the other hand, an inquiry might not have an affect to your credit, if your credit is clean.

When you are applying for a new credit card, you give the creditor permission to check your credit report. If this inquiry has any affect on your credit at all, it will only be small. However, if you apply for several credit cards in a relatively short amount of time, this will cause your credit score to drop a few points or more. When you apply for multiple credit cards, this places multiple inquiries on your credit report. Lenders associate these requests with risk and are less likely to extend you credit.

Unlike credit card inquiries, multiple auto loan or mortgage inquiries within a short period of time do not affect your credit score. The developers of the credit score knew that many people shop around for better rates on car loans and mortgages. For this reason, these inquiries do not take affect until thirty days after the rate shopping period.

There are a lot of factors that come into play when credit inquiries are being made. You can request a copy of your credit report and score prior to shopping for loans and credit cards. This will give you a better idea of your financial situation and can help decrease the number of inquiries that are made.

Company Overview
An innovative corporation that assists in determining policies that currently govern the automated distribution of appraisal information, TrueCredit allows you to have access your unlimited credit scores. It develops and markets both products and services in the financing arena.

They go beyond granting a look on the unlimited credit scores since they also have a special merchandise that is designed to facilitate its customers administer their debts as proficiently as it is with their investment portfolios.

Due to being known as giving admission to unlimited credit scores, TrueCredits one of a king fuse of business operations and consumer offerings have empower the company to influence millions of people in the United States to properly organize their accounts. At the same time, it has also been beneficial to institutions who allow loans to optimize their service to its clients.

Consumer Goods
TrueCredit has both appraisal and liability administration tools that will equip their customers to view its unlimited credit scores from the vantage point of a lender. It helps in supervising and enhancing their data and score as well as borrowing power and interest options.

3-in-1 Credit Report grants an entire picture of your appraisal history available. It also has partnership with the three major reporting agencies in the United States, Equifax, TransUnion and Experian. It features finding out what personal data they have in your file, easy interpretation of the summary, detailed information on your accounts, contact from creditors and view of who is looking at your account.

Credit Monitoring provides alerts within 24 hours of crucial alterations and infinite admittance to your account with powerful tools and analysis. It also has up to $25, 000 ID theft insurance with no add- on payment. The visuals are friendly where it presents colorful charts and graphs on the changes in your debt, income, point and more. It has free interactive guide with descriptions that are easy to comprehend.

Credit Analysis gives its customers their current available points together with the factors that have been affecting it. Similar with 3-in-1 Credit Report, it is also based on the three major reporting agencies in the United States, Equifax, TransUnion and Experian.

Debt Analysis is a special organization tool that grants its customers with detailed information and in- depth analysis on the existing debt and repayment capacity. It also gives a comparison between the monthly compensation you submitted and the monthly amount you spend.

Partnering Opportunities
TrueCredit also welcomes affiliates who are willing to join their pursuit of giving a wide range of credit reporting services to its customers. Their present partners are MyHomeEquity, The Motley Fool, MetroRent, MyVesta, AutoTrader, Citibank and many more. Joining TrueCredit will also give you entrance to a digital library of marketing materials, advertising creatives and financing contents.

If you are interested add to their growing number, you can visit their website at www.truecreditcorporate.com or send an e-mail at affiliate@truecredit.com.

Undertaking Credit Repair On Your Own (What To Do And What Not To Do)

If you have recently been turned down for a loan, or for a new credit card, you may be in need of credit repair. Being denied credit is often the result of a bad credit report, which can happen in two circumstances. You have either managed your credit poorly, which has reflected in your credit report; or your credit file has some erroneous items, thus negatively impacting your report. In either situation, it is vital that you undertake credit repair as soon as possible.

TO DO:

Here is a strategy to help with your credit repair. You can do this on your own and can thus repair your credit for free.

Request a copy of your credit report from any one of the 3 credit bureaus. If this is your first request of the year, you will be given the report for free.

Once you have your report, examine it closely. You have to study all the entries and mark all those which are incorrect and which are damaging your credit worthiness.

After you have determined the wrong entries, you have to contact the credit reporting agencies and tell them to delete the erroneous entries from your report.

Even if there are some correct entries in your credit report, but these are negative in nature, you could still get them removed. This would go a long way in ensuring credit repair. There is a certain time limit for which negative entries can stay on your report (usually between 7 and 10 years). If such time limit has passed, you should write to the credit bureaus to delete the negative items from your report.

Ensure that all your correspondence with the credit companies and agencies is through registered mail. This way, you have proof of your requests and also when exactly you initiated the process of your credit repair. Keeping a record will also help you in case any deleted entry is re-included in your report anytime in the future.

Within 30 days, some action should have been taken regarding the wrong items on your report. If the credit bureaus determine that the entries were in fact wrong, they will remove it from your report, thus bringing about the credit repair that you were after.

In case the matter is not resolved to your satisfaction, you should continue challenging the items on your report till such time that credit repair has indeed occurred.

NOT TO DO:

People whose credit score is low or who have a bad credit report often try desperate means to repair credit and thus end up hurting their credit even more. Most of the information available on credit score repair and credit report repair tells you what to do to restore good credit. However, we will tell you about some of the things that you should NOT do in order to repair bad credit.

1.File Segregation: Many credit repair companies lure people with the false promises of bad credit repair by telling them that they can create a new credit file for them by issuing them a new identity. This is known as file segregation. However, you need to understand that such a process is not legal and can even put you behind bars if you try to segregate your credit file to repair bad credit. Thus, no matter what any credit repair company tells you – things like you will not be able to get any loans or even a credit card for the next few years, or that you will not be able to get a job etc; under no circumstances should you agree to the process of file segregation to repair bad credit.

2.Deleting accurate information from credit report: Some credit repair agencies make claims to people that they can repair credit by getting accurate information of a negative nature deleted from their credit reports, thus improving their credit rating. However, this simply cannot be done. Only inaccurate information can be removed from a credit report and not accurate data, unless such data is older than 7 to 10 years. Thus, you should not trust anyone who tells you that they can repair bad credit by removing negative items from your credit report.

3.Advance Payments: No credit repair agency is legally allowed to ask for advance payments. They can only charge for services that have already been given and not beforehand. Thus, you should NOT be taken in by any company who wants high advance payments.

Figuring out exactly how credit scores work is problematic. Like nuclear fission, learning Chinese and setting the clock on your DVD player, credit scoring is not something that most people can easily master.

In the complicated world of credit scores there is one fact that pretty much everyone assumes is true: late payments are bad for your credit scores. Not only are late payments bad, but they are also assumed to be one of the worst things you could do to your scores. The first sign of a late payment on your credit reports signals impending credit doom, right? It turns out that this isnt exactly the case after all.

There are thousands of slightly different credit scoring models used today, each with a different purpose and formula. The most common credit scoring systems are set up to predict only one thing: how likely you are to have a 90 day late payment or worse in the 24 months after your score is calculated.

Credit scores are used by financial institutions, insurance companies and utility companies as an efficient way to predict how risky a customer you will be. If your credit score is low, it indicates that you are more likely to make late payments or file costly insurance claims. In turn, this means that the creditor is more likely to lose their investment by lending you money. Once you understand that credit scores predict this specific behavior, its a lot easier to figure out the best way to manage your credit.

Because scoring systems are so focused on predicting whether or not youll go at least 90 days late, surprisingly, an old 30 or 60 day late payment is actually not that damaging to your credit scores as long as it is an isolated incident. Only when your accounts are currently being reported 30 or 60 days past due on your credit reports, will your credit scores plummet temporarily.

If your 30 or 60 day late payments are an infrequent occurrence, this kind of low level late payment will damage your credit score only while it is being reported as currently past due. They shouldnt cause lasting damage to your credit score after this period passes unless you make 30 or 60 day late payments on a regular basis. In this case, the fact that you are habitually late with your payments will cause long term damage to your credit scores.

Its a whole new ballgame once you have a 90 day late payment, however. If you have been over 90 days late (even just once), the credit scoring models consider you much more likely to do it again. One 90 day late payment will damage your credit for up to seven years. From a scoring perspective, a single 90 day late payment is as damaging to your credit scores as a bankruptcy filing, a tax lien, a collection, a judgment or repossession. Being 90 days late causes you to be viewed as a possible repeat offender and a higher risk to creditors. Heres a summary of how late payments impact your credit scores:

30 days late This record will damage your credit scores only when it is reported as currently 30 days late. The exception is if you are 30 days late often. Otherwise, a 30-day late payment will not cause lasting damage.

60 days late This record will also damage your credit scores when it is reported as currently 60 days late. Again, the exception is if you are 60 days late often. Otherwise, it will not cause long term damage.

90 days late This record will damage your credit scores significantly for up to 7 years. It doesnt make a difference whether or not your account is currently 90 days late. Remember, the goal of the scoring model is to predict whether or not you will pay 90 days late or later on any credit obligation. By showing that you have already done so means that you are more likely to do it again compared to someone who has never been 90 days late. As such, your credit scores will drop.

120+ days late Late payment reporting beyond the initial 90 day missed payment does not cause additional credit score damage directly. However, there is an indirect impact to your scores. At this point, your debt is usually charged off or sold to a 3rd party collection agency. Both of these occurrences are reported on your credit files and will lower your credit scores further.

If you continue to miss your payments beyond 90 or 120 days, the following records may also harm your credit score:

Collections Collections are the result of late payments. There are two types of collections; those that have been sold to a 3rd party collection agency or those that have been turned over to an internal collection department. Regardless of which one shows up on your credit reports, your scores will suffer.

Tax liens Tax liens are obviously not preceded with late payments on any sort of account. However, when tax liens are reported on your credit files they have the same negative impact to your scores as any other seriously delinquent account. And, just because you pay off the tax lien or have it released wont increase your scores.

Settlements Settlements are deals made between you and a creditor who is trying to collect a past due debt. Normally, you and the creditor would agree on an amount that is less than what you really owe them. Once you pay them, they consider the matter closed and paid off. However, they will report that you have made a settlement for less than your contractual obligation. This will hurt your scores as much as any other serious delinquency.

Repossessions or foreclosures Having a home foreclosed upon or a car repossessed are both considered serious delinquencies and will lower your credit scores considerably for up to seven years. The assumption normally made by the consumer is hey, I gave the home or car back to the lender, why are they going to show me as delinquent? The answer youll get from lenders is that you signed a contract with them to buy a home or car and pay it in full over a period of time. You failed to do so therefore they consider you to be in default of your agreement with them and will report this on your credit reports.

Remember, the goal of most credit scoring models is to predict whether or not you will go 90 days past due or worse on any obligation. Whats missing? The scoring models are not designed to predict whether you will default for any specific pound amount. As such, having a 90 day past due of only 100 is as bad as having a 90 day past due of 10,000. The same goes for low pound collections, judgments or liens. The pound amount doesnt matter. The fact that you paid late is whats most important in the eyes of a credit scoring model.

Now that our late payment secrets have been revealed, lets look at what it means to you. You should still avoid making late payments whenever possible. But we now know that one 30 or 60 day late payment isnt the end of the world. Since 90 day late payments are the real credit score busters, you should avoid a 90 day late payment at all costs.

If you already have a 90 day late payment record on your credit history then your scores are already suffering. Be certain that the information is being accurately reported. If it isnt then you have the right to dispute it with not only the credit reporting agencies but also with the lenders who reported it. Your goal is to have the item corrected or removed, especially if it is in error. Once removed or corrected your credit scores will immediately recover.

Credit scores are enormously important to both borrowers and mortgage lenders. In the same way that doing better in work, sports or at school produces real benefits, the same is true with credit scores.

With good credit you can borrow more and pay less. With a mortgage, a borrower with solid credit might pay the best available rate while someone with poor credit might pay an additional 1.5 percent. That doesn’t sound like a big deal, but on a 300,000 mortgage you’re looking at an additional annual cost of as much as 4,500.

There are a lot of questions concerning good credit and how to get it. Here are 10 basics that come up with great frequency.

1. I finished college a few years ago and did not pay a lot of bills. Now I want to buy a house. How can I improve my credit?

Negative items remain on credit reports for seven years (bankruptcies stay on for 10 years). However, mortgage lenders are particularly interested in your recent credit behavior, what you’ve done in the past two years or so.

To change your credit profile you need to make a point of paying every bill in full and on time. No exceptions. Your credit score will quickly improve.

2. Is it true you need a big income to get a good credit score?

No. Credit scores and credit reports do not show your income at all. This is why loan applications separately ask about income and assets. The issue with credit is not how much you earn, but whether you honor repayment obligations. It’s perfectly possible for someone making 45,000 a year to have a vastly better credit rating than someone who makes 200,000.

3. Can I use a federal employer number instead of a social security number to get a better credit rating?

No. Using an employer ID instead of a social security number to get credit may be illegal, a crime called “credit substitution.” It’s also foolish. No lender is going to accept an employer ID number. If someone suggests using an employer ID to get a mortgage, go elsewhere for advice.

4. If I have a strong payment history should I borrow a lot?

No. You should borrow both no more than you need and as little as possible. Credit scores consider the amount you owe as well as the credit available to you. Hitting credit card limits is a black mark and will reduce credit scores.

5. Is it better to have lots of credit cards or just one or two?

If you reduce the number of cards you have by combining accounts and debts, you might actually get a lower score. There are two issues to consider:

First, you have to watch credit limits. The general ideas is that the more of your available credit that you use the lower your score. For instance, imagine that you have five credit cards with different limits and in each case you have used 50 percent of the amount available to you. You then combine all cards into one card with a big balance but now you’re using a far-higher percent of your available credit line, say 90 percent. A better approach is to keep balances low and pay off credit cards as you can.

Second, while it makes sense to pay down credit card debts, it may not make sense to close accounts. The reason has to do with credit card history. The general rule is that the longer your history, the higher your score. The result is that you may actually want to keep older accounts open even if they’re not used.

6. I’m good about paying off credit cards but not some other bills. Will this impact my credit?

Yes. First, many credit cards include a so-called “universal default” provision. This means if any bill is late or unpaid, the credit card issuer can raise your rate. Second, other bills in addition to credit cards show up on credit reports and negative items are reflected in credit scores.

7. My mortgage payment is due on the 1st of the month but I’m allowed to pay as late as the 15th without penalty. If I pay on the 14th will this show up on my credit report?

No — but be careful here. A debt is considered “late” for credit reporting purposes only if it’s at least 30 days overdue. However, some unscrupulous lenders charge excessive fees and may even raise interest rates if payments are even a day late. If you have such financing you should consider refinancing to get better terms.

As to that mortgage payment, lenders typically provide a payment grace period because checks may be delayed in the mail and payment days may fall on weekends or holidays. However, since the bill must be paid anyway, it’s absolutely best to pay either early or on time.

You may find if you have a good payment record with mortgage lenders that they will be helpful if you run into problems. Example: Your mortgage payment is delayed in the mail and arrives after the grace period. A late fee is charged. You call the lender, they look at your payment history, conclude something is wrong and waive the fee. In other words, you get the benefit of the doubt because you’re credible.

Does this happen? You bet.

8. How often should I check my credit?

Given the growing problem of identity theft — the Federal Trade Commission says there were more than 250,000 complaints last year — it makes sense to check credit reports regularly. The good news is that you can get three free credit reports per year, one from each of the major credit reporting agencies, without charge, by going to AnnualCreditReport.com.

In addition, the Federal Trade Commission says under federal law “you’re entitled to a free report if a company takes adverse action against you such as denying your application for credit, insurance, or employment and you ask for your report within 60 days of receiving notice of the action. The notice will give you the name, address, and phone number of the consumer reporting company. You’re also entitled to one free report a year if you’re unemployed and plan to look for a job within 60 days; if you’re on welfare; or if your report is inaccurate because of fraud, including identity theft.”

9. What should I do if I feel a payment will be late?

Many creditors such as mortgage lenders, credit card companies, auto finance organizations and utilities now have several options for quick payments. You may be able to pay online, pay over the phone or pay by overnight delivery..

However, it’s wise to get quick payment information now, before it’s needed. For instance, some creditors have one address for regular payments and another for overnight deliveries.

If you feel a payment will not be made or will be more than 30 days late, contact your lender immediately. It’s often possible to work out an accommodation if you begin working with the lender as soon as possible.

10. Can I get a mortgage after a foreclosure or bankruptcy?

Foreclosure and bankruptcies are serious matters which are likely to make access to mortgage financing difficult if not impossible for several years. However, some borrowers are able to get mortgages again with some speed.

How? While foreclosures and bankruptcies are the worst credit events, they are not necessarily caused by consumer mismanagement or misdeeds. People have health emergencies. Companies close. Areas are devastated by natural disasters.

The bottom line is this: Mortgage underwriters want to know more about you and your situation. While loans may be approved automatically, declined loans are reviewed individually. Before looking for a home, speak with mortgage lenders if you have had a foreclosure or bankruptcy.

If you had a good credit record and encountered a financial catastrophe outside your control, lenders may be able to provide financing once credit has been re-established. Individual lenders can provide specific advice and information.

As the expression goes, it can’t hurt to ask.